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1961–Astronaut, Alan B. Shepard, Jr., becomes the first American in space as he makes a 15-minute sub-orbital flight in a capsule launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida.


200–Sun Ce, Warlord of the Han Dynasty, dies at age 25.

311–Gaius VM Galerius, Emperor of Rome, dies at age 50.

553–The Second Council of Constantinople begins.

867–Emperor Uda of Japan is born Sadami in Heian Kyo (Kyoto), Japan.

1210–Afonso III of Portugal is born in Coimbra, Kingdom of Portugal.

1215–Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England, which is part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta.

1260–Kublai Khan becomes ruler of the Mongol Empire.

1309–Charles II of Naples dies in Naples, Kingdom of Naples, at age 55.

1494–Christopher Columbus lands on the island of Jamaica and claims it for Spain.

1640–King Charles I of England dissolves the Short Parliament.

1654–Cromwell's Act of Grace, aimed at reconciliation with the Scots, is proclaimed in Edinburgh.

1705–Leopold I von Hapsburg, Emperor of Holy Roman Empire, dies in Vienna, Austria, at age 64.

1747–Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, is born Peter Leopold Joseph Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard in Vienna, Austria. He was King of Hungary and Bohemia from 1790 to 1792, and Archduke of Austria and Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1765 to 1790. He was a son of Emperor Francis I and his wife, Empress Maria Theresa, and the brother of Marie Antoinette.

1762–Russia and Prussia sign the Treaty of St. Petersburg.

1789–In France, the Estates-General convenes for the first time since 1614.

1809–Mary Kies becomes the first woman awarded a U.S. patent, for a technique of weaving straw with silk and thread.

1809–The Swiss canton of Aargau allows citizenship to Jews.

1811–In the second day of fighting at the Peninsular War Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro, the French army, under Marshall André Masséna, drive in the Duke of Wellington's overextended right flank, but French frontal assaults fail to take the town and the Anglo-Portuguese army holds the field at the end of the day.

1813–Philosopher, Søren Kierkegaard, is born in Copenhagen, Denmark. He was the founder of Existentialism. He wrote complicated philosophical works, some of which he published under pseudonyms so that he could attack them himself later. His books include Either/Or: A Fragment of Life and The Sickness Unto Death.

1816–The American Bible Society is established.

1818–Karl Marx is born in Trier, Kingdom of Prussia, German Confederation. He was expelled from Germany for his radical beliefs, relocating to Paris, France. In Paris, he met Frederich Engels, the son of a prosperous textile manufacturer, and together they wrote The Communist Manifesto. He was then, expelled from France, and eventually settled in London, England. He spent most of his time at the British Museum, doing research for what would be his magnum opus, Das Kapital. Marx has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history.

1821–Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of France (1799-1815), dies of stomach cancer in exile on the island of Saint Helena off the west coast of Africa, at age 51. It is believed that he may have died from arsenic poisoning. The type of arsenic found in Napoleon's hair shafts was mineral, the most toxic, and this supports the conclusion that he was murdered. In 1861, Napoleon's remains were entombed in a porphyry stone sarcophagus in the crypt under the dome at Les Invalides.

1830–Cowboy hat manufacturer, John Batterson Stetson, is born in Orange, New Jersey. He founded the John B. Stetson Company as a manufacturer of headwear, and the company's hats are now commonly referred to simply as Stetsons. The Stetson Cowboy hat was the symbol of the highest quality. Western icons such as Buffalo Bill Cody, Calamity Jane, Will Rogers, Annie Oakley, Pawnee Bill, and Tom Mix wore Stetsons. The company also made hats for law enforcement departments, such as the Texas Rangers. Stetson's Western-style hats were worn by employees of the National Park Service, U.S. Cavalry soldiers, and many U.S. Presidents. Today’s cowboy hat has remained basically unchanged in construction and design since the first one was created in 1865.

1835–The first railway in continental Europe opens in Belgium between Brussels and Mechelen.

1842–A city-wide fire burns for over 100 hours in Hamburg, Germany.

1847–The American Medical Association is organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

1860–Giuseppe Garibaldi sets sail from Genoa, leading the expedition of the Thousand to conquer the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, giving birth to the Kingdom of Italy.

1862–Troops led by Ignacio Zaragoza halt a French invasion in the Battle of Puebla in Mexico.

1862–Poet, Max Elskamp, is born in Antwerp, Belgium. As one of the outstanding Symbolist poets, his material came from everyday life and folklore of his native city, and his poems often reflect his Roman Catholic religious sentiments.

1865–The first train robbery in the United States takes place in North Bend, Ohio.

1865–The Confederate government is declared dissolved in Washington, Georgia.

1866–Memorial Day is first celebrated in the United States in Waterloo, New York.

1867–Mexicans defeat Maximilian's forces in the Battle of Pueblo (Cinco de Mayo).

1877–Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota Indians into Canada to avoid harassment by the U.S. Army.

1886–A militia fires into a crowd of protesters in Milwaukee, Wiaconsin, killing seven people.

1891–Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky is guest conductor at a five-day music festival marking the opening of New York City's “Music Hall.”  The Music Hall was later renamed Carnegie Hall in honor of Andrew Carnegie.

1893–The first great crash on the New York Stock Exchange causes a depression. It is called the “Panic of 1983.” Stock prices plummeted, major railroads went into receivership, 15,000 businesses went bankrupt, and 15 to 20 percent of the work force becomes unemployed. Within seven months, over 600 banks had closed.

1900–The Billboard, a magazine for the music and entertainment industries, begins weekly publication after six years as a monthly.

1901–Blues guitarist, Blind Willie McTell, is born William Samuel McTier in Thomson, Georgia. He was a Piedmont blues and ragtime singer and guitarist. He was best known for his song Statesboro Blues, which was later covered by The Allman Brothers Band. He was a great influence to 1960s blues guitarists Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, and Jimmy Page.

1902–Writer, Bret Harte, dies of throat cancer in Camberley, England, at age 65. He is best remembered for his short fiction featuring miners, gamblers, and other romantic figures of the California Gold Rush era.

1903–American chef and culinary expert, James (Andrew) Beard, is born in Portland, Oregon. In the 1950s, Beard brought a growing awareness of French cooking to the American palate. He would almost single-handedly be responsible for the formation of a gourmet American food identity. His legacy lives on in 20 books and his foundation's annual James Beard Awards in a number of culinary genres.

1904–Pitching against the Philadelphia Athletics at the Huntington Avenue Grounds, Cy Young (of the Boston Americans) throws the first perfect game in the modern era of baseball.

1905–The trial in the Stratton Brothers case begins in London, England. It marks the first time that fingerprint evidence is used to gain a conviction for murder.

1908–The 34th Kentucky Derby: Arthur Pickens, riding Stone Street, wins in 2:15.

1908–Actor, Rex Harrison, is born Reginald Carey Harrison in Huyton, Lancashire, England. He is best known for the roles of Henry Higgins in My Fair Lady, and the Dr. John Doolittle in Doctor Doolittle. He also appeared in the films Night Train to Munich, Ten Days in Paris, Blithe Spirit, Anna and the King of Siam, The Ghost and Mrs. Muir, The Reluctant Debutante, Midnight Lace, Cleopatra, The Agony and the Ecstasy, and Staircase. He was married to actresses, Lilli Palmer, Kay Kendall, and Rachel Roberts.

1912–The Soviet propaganda newspaper, Pravda, begins publication.1912–The V Summer Olympic Games open in Stockholm, Sweden.

1912–The V Summer Olympic Games open in Stockholm, Sweden.

1914–Actor, Tyrone Power, is born Tyrone Edmund Power, Jr. in Cincinnati, Ohio. Though largely a matinee idol in the 1930s and early 1940s, and known for his striking looks, Power starred in films in a number of genres, from drama to light comedy. He appeared in the films Lloyd’s of London, In Old Chicago, Alexander's Ragtime Band, Marie Antoinette, Suez, Jesse James, Rose of Washington Square, The Rains Came, Johnny Apollo, Brigham Young, The Mark of Zorro, Blood and Sand, The Black Swan, The Razor’s Edge, Nightmare Alley, Captain from Castile, The Luck of the Irish, Rawhide, The Mississippi Gambler, The Long Gray Line, The Eddy Duchin Story, The Sun Also Rises, and Witness for the Prosecution. His father was actor, Tyrone Power, Sr. He was married to actresses, Annabella and Linda Christian.

1915–Actress, Alice Faye, is born Ann Jeanne Leppert in New York, New York. She appeared in the films Poor Litle Rich Girl, In Old Chicago, Alexander’s Ragtime Band, Rose of Washington Square, Tin Pan Alley, Four Jills in a Jeep, Fallen Angel, and State Fair. She was married to Phil Harris, and singer, Tony Martin.

1915–Journalist, Richard H. Rovere, is born in Jersey City, New Jersey. He was a writer for many years for The New Yorker.

1916–U.S. Marines invade the Dominican Republic.

1916–(Gyani) Zail Singh, seventh President of India, is born in Sandhwan, Punjab, British India. His presidency was marked by Operation Blue Star, the assassination of Indira Gandhi, and the 1984 anti-Sikh riots.

1919–Greek dictator, George Papadopoulos, is born in Elaiohori, Greece. He was the head of the military coup d'état that took place in Greece on April 21, 1967 and leader of the junta that ruled the country from 1967 to 1974.

1922–Construction begins on Yankee Stadium in the Bronx, New York.

1922–Singer-actress, Monica Lewis, is born May Lewis in Chicago, Illinois. In the 1940s, Lewis was dubbed "America’s Singing Sweetheart.” Her songs included Put the Blame on Mame, I Wish You Love, and Autumn Leaves. She appeared in the films The Strip, Excuse My Dust, Affair with a Stranger, Charley Varrick, Earthquake, Airport ‘77, Rollercoaster, Zero to Sixty, Stick, and Dead Heat. She was married to film producer, Jennings Lang.

1925–John T. Scopes, a teacher in Dayton, Tennessee, is arrested for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution in violation of state statute.

1925–”Afrikaans” is established as an official language in South Africa.

1926–The Pulitzer Prizes are awarded. Reporting: William Burke Miller, of The Louisville Courier-Journal, for his work in connection with the story of the trapping in Sand Cave, Kentucky, of Floyd Collins; Fiction: Arrowsmith by Sinclair Lewis (Harcourt); Drama: Craig's Wife by George Kelly (Little); History: A History of the United States by Edward Channing (Macmillan); Biography or Autobiography: The Life of Sir William Osler by Harvey Cushing (Oxford University Press); Poetry: What's O'Clock by Amy Lowell (Houghton). Sinclair Lewis declines the 1926 Pulitzer Prize, declaring that all such prizes tend to make writers “safe, polite, obedient, and sterile.” But in 1930, upon being offered the Nobel Prize for Literature (the first American to be so honored), he accepts.

1926–Actress, Ann B. Davis, is born Ann Bradford Davis in Schenectady, New York. She is best known for the role of Alice the housekeeper on the TV sitcom The Brady Bunch. In the 1950s, she co-starred on the TV series The Bob Cummings Show. She appeared in the films All Hands on Deck, Lover Come Back, Naked Gun 33-1/3: The Final Insult, and The Brady Bunch Movie.

1927–Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovitch's First Symphony premieres in Berlin, Germany.

1927–Comedienne-actress, Pat Carroll, is born in Shreveport, Louisiana. She was a cast member of the TV sitcom, Make Room for Daddy, starring Danny Thomas.

1930–Character actor, Richard Schaal, is born in Chicago, Illinois. He appeared on the TV shows Rhoda, Phyllis, and Trapper John, M.D. He was married to actress, Valerie Harper.

1932–Actor, Will Hutchins, is born Marshall Lowell Hutchason in Atwater, California. He starred in the 1950s Western series Sugarfoot, and later appeared on the comedy show Hey, Landlord. He appeared in the films No Time for Sergeants, Merrill's Marauders, The Shooting, Spinout, Clambake, The Horror at 37,000 Feet, Magnum Force, and The Happy Hooker Goes to Washington.

1934–Woman Haters, the first film short starring The Three Stooges, is released.

1934–The 60th Kentucky Derby: Mack Garner, riding Cavalcade, wins in 2:04.

1936–Italian troops occupy Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

1939–Flash floods kill 75 people in northeast Kentucky.

1940–Norwegian refugees form a government-in-exile in London, England.

1940–Film director, Michael (Edward) Lindsay-Hogg, is born in New York, New York. Beginning his career in British television, Lindsay-Hogg became a pioneer in music video production, directing promotional films for The Beatles and The Rolling Stones. His TV films include Master Harold... and the Boys, The Little Match Girl, The Rolling Stone’s Rock and Roll Circus, and Two of Us. His theatrical films include Let It Be, Nasty Habits, The Object of Beauty, Frankie Starlight, and Waiting for Godot. His mother was actress, Geraldine Fitzgerald.

1941–The perfume, Chanel No. 5, is released.

1941–The Pulitzer Prizes are awarded. Reporting: Westbrook Pegler, of The New York World-Telegram, for his articles on scandals in the ranks of organized labor, which led to the exposure and conviction of George Scalise, a labor racketeer; Fiction: No award given; Drama: There Shall Be No Night by Robert E. Sherwood (Scribner); History: The Atlantic Migration 1607-1860 by Marcus Lee Hansen (Harvard University Press); Biography or Autobiography: Jonathan Edwards by Ola Elizabeth Winslow (Macmilllan); Poetry: Sunderland Capture by Leonard Bacon (Harper).

1942–The U.S. begins rationing sugar during World War II.

1942–Country singer, Tammy Wynette, is born Virginia Wynette Pugh in Redbay, Alabama. She had her big hits with Stand By Your Man and D-I-V-O-R-C-E. She was married to country singer, George Jones.

1943–U.S. Postmaster General, Frank C. Walker, invents the Postal Zone System.

1943–Comedian-actor, Michael (Edward) Palin, is born in Sheffield, Yorkshire, England. He was a member of “Monty Python’s Flying Circus.” He appeared in the films Monty Phthon and the Holy Grail, Three Men in a Boat, Jabberwocky, All You Need Is Cash, Monty Python's Life of Brian, Time Bandits, The Missionary, Monty Python's The Meaning of Life, A Private Function, Brazil, A Fish Called Wanda, and Fierce Creatures.

1944–Mahatma Gandhi is freed from prison.

1944–German troops execute 216 civilians in the village of Kleisoura in Greece.

1944–Actor, John Rhys-Davies, is born in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. He appeared in the films The Quest, Sliders, and The Lord of the Rings.

1944–Actor, Roger Rees, is born in Aberystwyth, Wales. He is best known for the roles of Robin Colcord in the TV sitcom Cheers, and Lord John Marbury in The West Wing. He appeared in the films Star 80, A Christmas Carol, Robin Hood: Men in Tights, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Frida, and The Prestige.

1945–The Prague uprising begins as an attempt by the Czech resistance to free the city from German occupation.

1945–Poet, Ezra Pound, is arrested in Italy for treason.

1945–Six people are killed when a Japanese fire balloon explodes near Bly, Oregon. They are the only Americans killed in the continental U.S. during World War II.

1945–Music journalist, Kurt Loder, is born in New Jersey. He was a contributing editor to Rolling Stone and an MTV news anchor.

1945–Jewelry and glass designer and founder of Lalique Glass, René Jules Lalique, dies in Paris, France. He was buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery.

1946–The International Military Tribunal for the Far East begins in Tokyo, Japan, with 28 Japanese military and government officials accused of war crimes and crimes against humanity.

1947–Mississippi Valley flooding kills 16 people and causes $850 million in damage.

1947–The Pulitzer Prizes are awarded. Reporting: Frederick Woltman, of The New York World-Telegram, for his articles during 1946 on the infiltration of Communism in the U.S.; Fiction: All the King's Men by Robert Penn Warren (Harcourt); Drama: No award given; History: Scientists Against Time by James Phinney Baxter 3rd (Little); Biography or Autobiography: The Autobiography of William Allen White by William Allen White (Macmillan); Poetry: Lord Weary's Castle by Robert Lowell (Harcourt); Photography: Arnold Hardy, amateur photographer of Atlanta, Georgia, for his photo of a woman leaping from a hotel to escape a fire; Music: Symphony No. 3 by Charles Ives (Arrow).

1948–Bill Ward, drummer for Black Sabbath, is born William Thomas Ward in Ashton, Birmingham, England.

1949–The Treaty of London establishes the Council of Europe in Strasbourg, France, as the first European institution working for European integration.

1950–Bhumibol Adulyadej is crowned King Rama IX of Thailand.

1951–The 77th Kentucky Derby: Conn McCreary, riding Count Turf, wins in 2:02.

1952–The Pulitzer Prizes are awarded. Reporting: John M. Hightower. of the Associated Press, for the sustained quality of his coverage of news of international affairs during the year; Fiction: The Caine Mutiny by Herman Wouk (Doubleday); Drama: The Shrike by Joseph Kramm (Random House); Biography or Autobiography: Charles Evans Hughes by Merlo J. Pusey (Macmillan); Poetry: Collected Poems by Marianne Moore (Macmillan); Photography: John Robinson and Don Ultang, of The Des Moines Register and Tribune, for their sequence of six pictures of the Drake-Oklahoma A & M football game of October 20, 1951, in which player Johnny Bright's jaw was broken; Music: Symphony Concertante by Gail Kubik.

1953–Billy Burnette, of Fleetwood Mac, is born Dorsey William Burnette III in Memphis, Tennessee.

1955–West Germany gains full sovereignty.

1955–Indian Parliament allows Hindus to divorce.

1955–The U.S. conducts a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1955–West Germany is granted full sovereignty by three occupying powers.

1955–The musical, Damn Yankees, opens at 46th Street Theater in New York City, for 1,022 performances.

1956–The album, Elvis, is the first rock album to reach #1 on the Billboard “Top 100.”

1956–The 82nd Kentucky Derby: David Erb, riding Needles, wins in 2:03.

1957–Actress, Lisa Eilbacher, is born in Dharan, Saudi Arabia. She appeared in the films Beverly Hills Cop and An Officer and a Gentleman.

1958–The U.S. conducts an atmospheric nuclear test at Enwetak.

1958–The Pulitzer Prizes are awarded. Reporting: Relman Morin, of the Associated Press, for his dramatic and incisive eyewitness report of mob violence on September 23, 1957, during the integration crisis at the Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas; Fiction: A Death in the Family by James Agee (McDowell, Obolensky); Drama: Look Homeward, Angel by Ketti Frings (Samuel French); History: Banks and Politics in America by Bray Hammond (Princeton University Press); Biography or Autobiography: George Washington, Volumes I-VI by Douglas S. Freeman, and Volume VII, written by John Alexander Carroll and Mary Wells Ashworth after Dr. Freeman's Death in 1953 (Charles Scribner's Sons); Poetry: Promises: Poems 1954-1956 by Robert Penn Warren (Random); Photography: William C. Beall, of The Washington Daily News, for his photograph “Faith and Confidence,” showing a policeman patiently reasoning with two-year-old boy trying to cross a street during a parade; Music: Vannessa by Samuel Barber (G. Schirmer).

1959–TV anchorman and journalist, Brian (Douglas) Williams, is born in Ridgewood, New Jersey. For 10 years he was Anchor and Managing Editor of NBC Nightly News.

1960–A chart topper: Cathy’s Clown by The Everly Brothers.

1961–Astronaut, Alan B. Shepard, Jr., becomes the first American in space as he makes a 15-minute sub-orbital flight in a capsule launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida.

1961–The first franchised Hardee's fast food restaurant opens in Rocky Mount, North Carolina.

1962–The 88th Kentucky Derby: Bill Hartack, riding Decidedly, wins in 2:00.

1964–The Council of Europe declares May 5th as Europe Day.

1965–The Warlocks, later known as The Grateful Dead, make their first public appearance in Menlo Park, California.

1965–The first large-scale U.S. Army ground units arrive in South Vietnam.

1966–The Stanley Cup: The Montréal Canadiens beat the Detroit Red Wings, 4 games to 2.

1969–Associated Television (ATV) gains control of Northern Songs, giving them control over the Lennon-McCartney song catalog. ATV also acquires Lenmac Enterprises, Ltd.

1969–The Pulitzer Prizes are awarded. Reporting: William Tuohy, of The Los Angeles Times, for his Vietnam War correspondence in 1968; Fiction: House Made of Dawn by N. Scott Momaday (Harper); Drama: The Great White Hope by Howard Sackler (Dial); Non-Fiction: The Armies of the Night by Norman Mailer (World) and So Human an Animal by Rene Jules Dubos (Scribner); History: Origins of the Fifth Amendment by Leonard W. Levy (Oxford University Press); Biography or Autobiography: The Man From New York–John Quinn and His Friends by Benjamin Lawrence Reid (Oxford University Press); Poetry: Of Being Numerous by George Oppen (New Directions); Photography: Moneta Sleet Jr., of Ebony magazine, for his photograph of Martin Luther King, Jr.'s widow and child, taken at Dr. King's funeral; Music: String Quartet No. 3 by Karel Husa (Associated Music Publishers).

1969–The 23rd NBA Championship: The Boston Celtics beat the Los Angeles Lakers, 4 games to 3.

1970–The U.S. conducts a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1971–A race riot takes place in the Brownsville section of Brooklyn, New York.

1972–Alitalia Flight 112 crashes into Mount Longa near Palermo, Sicily, killing all 115 people aboard.

1973–The 99th Kentucky Derby: Ron Turcotte, riding Secretariat, wins in 1:59.

1973–Child actress, Tina Yothers, is born in Whittier, California. She is best known for the role of Jennifer in the TV sitcom Family Ties.

1975–The Pulitzer Prizes are awarded. Reporting: Donald L. Barlett and James B. Steele, of The Philadelphia Inquirer, for their series "Auditing the Internal Revenue Service," which exposed the unequal application of Federal tax laws; Fiction: The Killer Angels by Michael Shaara (McKay); Drama: Seascape by Edward Albee (Atheneum); Non-Fiction: Pilgrim at Tinker Creek by Annie Dillard (Harper's Magazine Press); History: Jefferson and His Time Vols. I-V by Dumas Malone (Little); Biography or Autobiography: The Power Broker–Robert Moses and the Fall of New York by Robert Caro (Knopf); Poetry: Turtle Island by Gary Snyder (New Directions); Photography: Matthew Lewis, of The Washington Post, for his photographs in color and black and white; Music: From the Diary of Virginia Woolf by Dominick Argento (Boosey & Hawkes).

1976–Sage (Moonblood) Stallone is born in Los Angeles, California. He was the son of actor, Sylvester Stallone. He appeared in his father’s movie Rocky V.

1979–Voyager 1 passes Jupiter.

1979–The 105th Kentucky Derby: Ron Franklin, riding Spectacular Bid, wins in 2:02.

1980–The British Special Air Service storms the Iranian embassy in London, England, after a six-day siege.

1981–Activisit, Bobby Sands, dies in the Long Kesh prison hospital after 66 days of hunger-striking at age 27.

1982–The Stanley Cup: The New York Islanders beat the Vancouver Canucks, 4 games to 0.

1983–The U.S. conducts a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1984–The 110th Kentucky Derby: Laffit Pincay, Jr., riding Swale, wins in 2:02.

1985–President Ronald Reagan visits the military cemetery at Bitburg, Germany, and the site of the Nazi concentration camp, Bergen-Belsen, where he makes a speech.

1986–Ahmet Ertegun announces that Cleveland, Ohio, will be the site of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

1987–The U.S. Congress begin the televised Iran-Contra hearings.

1987–France conducts a nuclear test at Muruora Island.

1988–Singer, Adele, is born Adele Laurie Blue Adkins in Tottenham, London, England. With sales of more than 100 million records, Adele is one of the best-selling recording artists in the world.

1988–Jessica (Whitney) Dubroff is born in Hercules, California. Attempting to be the youngest airplane pilot, she would die in a crash in Cheyenne, Wyoming, at age 7. Although billed by the media as a "pilot," Dubroff did not possess a medical certificate or a student pilot certificate, since they require a minimum age of 16, or a pilot certificate which requires a minimum age of 17, according to U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations.

1990–The 116th Kentucky Derby: Craig Perret, riding Unbridled, wins in 2:02.

1991–A riot breaks out in the Mt. Pleasant section of Washington, D.C., after police shoot a Salvadoran man.

1994–The signing of the Bishkek Protocol between Armenia and Azerbaijan freezes the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

1994–American teenager, Michael P. Fay, is caned in Singapore for theft and vandalism.

1994–Tom Blake, inventor of the surfboard, dies in Ashland, Wisconsin, at age 92.

2000–A conjunction of the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and Moon takes place.

2000–Actress, Angelina Jolie, marries actor, Billy Bob Thornton, at The Little Church of The West Wedding Chapel in Las Vegas, Nevada.

2001–The 127th Kentucky Derby: Jorge Chavez, riding Monarchos, wins in 1:59.

2001–Publisher, Clifton Hillegass, dies in Lincoln, Nebraska, at age 83. He created CliffsNotes, literary study guides in black and yellow covers that assist college and high school students in their literature course work. There are about 300 titles available in 7,000 retail outlets.

2002–Engineer, Paul Klipsch, dies in Hope, Arkansas, at age 98. He was a high fidelity audio pioneer, known for developing a high-efficiency folded horn loudspeaker. The Klipschorn is the only speaker in the world that has been in continuous production, relatively unchanged, for over 60 years.

2002–Film director, George Sidney, dies of complications from lymphoma in Las Vegas, Nevada, at age 85. His films include Anchors Aweigh, Ziegfeld Follies, The Harvey Girls, Annie Get Your Gun, Show Boat, Scaramouche, Kiss Me Kate, Jupiter’s Darling, The Eddy Duchin Story, Jeanne Eagels, Pal Joey, Byb Bye Birdie, A Ticklish Affair, Viva Las Vegas, The Swinger, and Half a Sixpence.

2004–Pablo Picasso’s 1905 painting, “Boy with a Pipe,” sells for $104 million at Sotheby’s in New York.

2006–The government of Sudan signs an accord with the Sudan Liberation Army.

2007–133rd Kentucky Derby: Calvin Borel, riding Street Sense, wins in 2:02.

2007–Physicist, Theodore Maiman, dies of systemic mastocytosis in Vancouver, British Columbia, at age 79. He created the first working laser. Maiman’s laser led to the subsequent development of many other types of lasers. He was granted a patent for his invention and he received many awards and honors for his work.

2008–Businessman, Irv Robbins, dies after a period of ill health in Rancho Mirage, California, at age 90. In 1945, he co-founded the Baskin-Robbins ice cream parlor chain with his partner and brother-in-law, Burt Baskin. Baskin-Robbins had 43 stores by the end of 1949, more than 100 by 1960, and about 500 when the ice cream empire was sold to United Fruit Company for an estimated $12 million in 1967.

2010–Mass protests in Greece erupt in response to austerity measures imposed by the government as a result of the Greek government-debt crisis.

2011–Actress, Dana Wynter, dies of congestive heart failure at the Ojai Valley Community Hospital's Continuing Care Center in Ojai, California, at age 79. She appeared in film and television for over 40 years, beginning in the 1950s. She is best known for her role in the classic sci-fi film Invasion of the Body Snatchers. She appeared in the films The View from Pompey's Head, In Love and War, Shake Hands with the Devil, Sink the Bismark!, The List of Adrian Messenger, Airport, and Santee.

2012–Japan shuts down its nuclear reactors, leaving the country without nuclear power for the first time since 1970.

2012–The 138th Kentucky Derby: Mario Gutierrez, riding Ill Have Another, wins in 2:01.

2014–Two boats carrying illegal immigrants collide in the Aegean Sea off the coast of Greece, killing 22 people.

2014–Eleven people are missing after a Chinese cargo ship collides with a Marshall Islands registered container ship off the coast of Hong Kong.

2015–Mike Huckabee, former Governor of Arkansas, announces his candidacy for the Republican presidential nomination.

2016–Colorado Springs, Colorado, agrees to pay people who were sent to jail because they couldn’t afford to pay fines for minor offenses like panhandling and jaywalking. The city will pay $125 for each day the person spent behind bars, an estimated total of $103,000 for the 66 people identified. In 1971, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that people cannot be jailed if they do not have the money to pay.

2016–Hackers attack millions of users of Gmail, Hotmail, and Yahoo Mail, forcing users to make password changes.

2016–At least 12 people are killed and 30 others are injured after a bus plunges into a ravine in Bolivia's eastern Santa Cruz province.

2017–Russia, Iran, and Turkey reach an agreement to establish four "safe zones" in Syria, over which all military aircraft, including Turkish, Russian, and American aircraft, will be barred from flying.

2017–ISRO successfully launches a new communications satellite for South Asia from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, India.

2017–Actress, Quinn O’Hara, dies in Los Angeles, California, at age 76. She appeared in the films The Errand Boy, The Caretakers, Who’s Minding the Store?, The Patsy, Good Neighbor Sam, A Swingin’ Summer, The Ghost in the Invisible Bikini, and The Teacher.

2018–NASA's InSight Mars lander launches from Vandenberg Air Force Base near Lompoc, California. It is the first interplanetary mission launched from the West Coast of the United States.

2018–The 144th Kentucky Derby: Mike Smith, riding Justify, wins in 2:04.20. The race was run under the wettest conditions in its history. By post time, more than 2.8 inches of rain had fallen, breaking a record that had lasted since 1918.

2018–South African filmmaker, Carlos Carvalho, ia killed by a giraffe while filming at a game lodge near Johannesburg, South Africa. Carvalho was shooting a feature film at the Glen Africa Country Lodge in the North West Province, when the giraffe swung his head, hitting Carvalho in the head.

2018–Film director, Ermanno Olmi, dies from complications of Guillain-Barre syndrome in Asiago, Italy, at age 86. His films, like most of those considered to be products of the neorealist movement, were shot in long, slow takes, and generally contained some sort of social commentary. His films include Il Posto, The Fiances, A Man Named John, One Fine Day, The Circumstance, and The Tree of Wooden Clogs, The Secret of the Old Woods, Genesis: The Creation and the Flood, and The Cardboard Village.


PHOTOS TOP TO BOTTOM: Sun Ce; Karl Marx; Max Elskamp; James Beard; Tyrone Power; Ann B. Davis; jockey Mack Garner on Cavalcade; Michael Palin; Kurt Loder; The Caine Mutiny by Herman Wouk; poster for the Broadway show Damn Yankees; A Death in the Family by James Agee; sign for the first Hardee's fast food restaurant; Tina Yothers; outside the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland, Ohio; Angelina Jolie and Billy Bob Thornton; Boy with a Pipe by Pablo Picasso; and Dana Wynter.
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